Increased LNG carrier traffic is driving heavy-fuel oil (HFO) use in the Arctic despite a limited ban on the use and carriage of the dirtiest marine fuel in the region from Monday, according to campaigners.

New International Maritime Organization rules limiting the use of HFO in the region come with a series of waivers that would leave nearly three-quarters of ships operating there unaffected by the changes until 2029, according to the Clean Arctic Alliance.