Carnival Corp, Royal Caribbean Cruises and Norwegian Cruise Line have been denied US coronavirus bailout money, despite being all based in Miami, Florida.

The federal government sees no obligation to these troubled behemoths because the companies are incorporated overseas and their ships registered in other nations.

Carnival is incorporated in Panama, while Royal Caribbean and Norwegian Cruise are domiciled respectively in Liberia and Bermuda, essentially to stay out of the US tax and legal regimes.