Insurance broker Aon has taken a close look at the "in-house" and "third-party" management styles of protection and indemnity mutuals but found little difference between them in terms of benefits to shipowner members.
P&I mutuals are divided in the way they are managed. Scandinavian mutuals, such as Gard, Skuld and Swedish Club, along with some UK bodies, including North P&I Club and West of England, use in-house employee managers.
