Kevin Daffey, Rolls-Royce's marine director of engineering and technology, says a lot of ships will not require full autonomy or remote technology, among them cruiseships and vessels carrying hazardous cargoes such as oil and gas.

“I don’t think they will be permitted to be unmanned, but these types of vessels could take some of the technology onboard,” Daffey says.

“For example, we have an intelligent awareness system which gives a very good tactical awareness of everything that is around a vessel within a couple of miles.”